MicroRNA

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a naturally occurring class of small (approximately 22 nucleotides long) non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression to control cellular processes, development, cell differentiation, and homeostasis. MicroRNAs are essential for embryo, cell, and tissue development, regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, hence their importance in human reproduction. Meanwhile, abnormal expression or function of miRNAs are found to be closely associated with the occurrence or development of various human diseases, including cancers. In light of their significant roles in physiology and pathology, miRNAs are emerging as novel biomolecular targets for chemical-biological studies, including regulation and detection.

Multiple steps are involved in the generation of miRNAs. Most miRNAs are produced by the canonical biogenesis pathway, which involves transcription by RNA polymerase II to make a primary transcript (pri-miRNA) and cleavage by the microprocessor complex to yield a hairpin precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. The pre-miRNA is then exported into the cytoplasm, where cleavage by the enzyme Dicer creates a double-stranded RNA duplex. Only a single strand from the double-stranded RNA duplex forms the mature miRNA and is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which guides the binding of Argonaute (AGO) proteins in the RISC to the 3’untranslated region (UTR) to either repress protein translation or promote mRNA degradation. In addition to canonical miRNA biogenesis pathways, non-canonical microprocessor-independent or Dicer-independent miRNA biogenesis pathways also exist. Despite miRNAs being mostly involved in the down-regulation of gene expression, there are reports of miRNAs promoting gene expression. In addition, relationships between miRNAs and their targets are not always one-to-one in a specific cell type. In fact, a single miRNA may regulate many mRNA targets, and conversely, a single mRNA target also can be regulated by many miRNAs.

MicroRNA 相关产品（10）

货号	产品名	Cas	产品描述
PL07177	Camptothecin-d5	1329616-37-6	Camptothecin-d5 是 Camptothecin 的氘代物。Camptothecin (CPT)，一种生物碱，是一种 DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) 抑制剂，其 IC50 值为 679 nM。Camptothecin (CPT) 对结直肠癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和卵巢癌具有强大的抗肿瘤活性，通过改变人类癌细胞中的 miRNA 表达模式来调节 hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) 活性。
PC22328	Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt	56001-37-7
PL07172	LIN28 inhibitor LI71	1357248-83-9	LIN28 inhibitor LI71 是一种高效、细胞渗透性的 LIN28 抑制剂，能消除 LIN28 介导的寡核苷酸化，其 IC50 值为 7 uM。LIN28 inhibitor LI71 能直接绑定 CSD，抑制 LIN28 对 let-7 的作用活性。
PL07170	Lin28-let-7a antagonist 1	2024548-03-4	Lin28-let-7a antagonist 1 对 Lin28-let-7a 的结合有明显的拮抗作用，其对 Lin28A-let-7a-1 结合的 IC50 值为 4.03 μM。
PL07175	MIR96-IN-1	1311982-88-3	MIR96-IN-1 靶向 miR-96 (miRNA-96, microRNA-96) 发夹前体结构中的 Drosha 位点，抑制其生物生成，及抑制下游靶标，并触发乳腺癌细胞的凋亡 (apoptosis)。MIR96-IN-1 结合到 RNA1，RNA2，RNA3，RNA4 和 RNA5 的 Kd 分别为 1.3，9.4，3.4，1.3 和 7.4 μM。
PL07174	PIN1 inhibitor API-1	680622-70-2	PIN1 inhibitor API-1 是一种特殊的 Pin1 (peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1) 抑制剂 (API-1)，IC50 为 72.3 nM。PIN1 inhibitor API-1 直接特异性地与 Pin1 肽基脯氨酰异构酶 (PPIase) 结构域结合，并抑制 Pin1 顺反异构活性。PIN1 inhibitor API-1 保留 pXPO5 的活性构象，恢复 pXPO5 将前 miRNA 从细胞核转运到细胞质的能力，从而上调抗癌 miRNA 的生物发生，抑制体外和体内肝癌的发生。
PC22557	rno-miR-122-5p agomir		rno-miR-122-5p agomir 是一种 miRNA 模拟物，通过特殊化学修饰形成，其成熟链的完整链被甲氧基修饰，在 5'端和 3'端分别带有 2 个和 4 个硫代骨架修饰，并在 3'端附有高亲和力胆固醇修饰。miRNA agomir 能效仿内源性 miRNA，增强 miRNA 的活性。在对比普通模拟物时，miRNA agomir 在动物试验中展现出更高的稳定性和抑制效应，更容易穿透细胞膜及组织间隙，从而更好地积聚在目标细胞中。
PL07171	SID 3712249	522606-67-3	SID 3712249 (MiR-544 Inhibitor 1) 是一种 miR-544 生物合成抑制剂。SID 3712249 直接与前体 miRNA 结合。SID 3712249 阻断成熟 microRNA 的产生并减少 miR-544、HIF-1α 和 ATM 转录物。SID 3712249 可用于癌症研究。
PL07173	Targapremir-210	1049722-30-6	Targapremir-210 (TGP-210) 是一种有效的、选择性的 miR-210 (miRNA-210, microRNA-210) 抑制剂。 Targapremir-210 以高亲和力抑制 pre-miR-210 的加工 (Kd~200 nM)。
PL07169	TGP-377/421	16752-89-9	TGP-377/421 (Targapre-miR-377/421) 是一种有效的 miR-377 和 miR-421 抑制剂，与它们的功能位点结合。