α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) 是戊二酸的 α-羟基酸形式。α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 是多种 α-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶 (包括 histone demethylases 和 5-甲基胞嘧啶羟化酶 (5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases) 的 TET 家族) 的竞争性抑制剂。

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases.

Liquid

Microbial Metabolite Human Endogenous Metabolite

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 mutations occur frequently in gliomas and acute myeloid leukemia, leading to simultaneous loss and gain of activities in the production of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate), respectively.
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) inhibits the activity of multiple histone demethylases. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid occupies the same space as α-KG does in the active site of histone demethylases. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) inhibits the activity of TET 5-methylcytosine hydroxylases.
Treatment of U-87MG cells with α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate; 10-50 mM) increases HIF-1α and decreases endostatin.
has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

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[1]. Wei Xu, et al. Oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. Cancer Cell. 2011 Jan 18;19(1):17-30.